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Dialects of Serbo-Croatian
The dialects of Serbo-Croatian include the regional varieties of Serbo-Croatian as a whole or as part of its standard varieties: Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian. They are part of the dialect continuum of South Slavic languages that joins the Macedonian dialects on south, Bulgarian dialects on southeast and Slovene dialects on northwest. Grouping of several dialects as "dialects of Serbo-Croatian" is purely a convenience, because there are no features that are common to all of them and only to them.〔Matasović 2008〕
The primary dialects are named after the most common question word for ''what'': Shtokavian uses the pronoun ''što'' or ''šta'', Chakavian uses ''ča'' or ''ca'', Kajkavian (''kajkavski''), ''kaj'' or ''kej''. The pluricentric Serbo-Croatian standard language and all four contemporary standard variants are based on the Eastern Herzegovinian subdialect of Neo-Shtokavian, the other dialects not taught in schools or used by the state media. The Torlakian dialect is often added to the list, though sources usually note that it is a transitional dialect between Shtokavian and the Bulgaro-Macedonian dialects. Burgenland Croatian and Molise Slavic are varieties of the Chakavian dialect spoken outside the South Slavic dialect continuum, which combine influences from other dialects of Serbo-Croatian as well as influences from the dominantly spoken local languages.
Another common distinction among the dialects is made through the reflex of the long Common Slavic vowel ''jat'' and thus the dialects are divided into Ikavian, Ekavian, and Ijekavian, with the reflects of ''jat'' being /i/, /e/, and /ije/ or /je/ respectively.
== Main dialects ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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